第21章　賓　語(yǔ) 21.4　賓語(yǔ)從句

21.4　賓語(yǔ)從句

21.4.1　由that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句

1) 有大量動(dòng)詞可以跟由that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句（有時(shí)that可省略）：

I know she was against us. 我知道她反對(duì)我們。

I felt that she had a strong will. 我感到她有堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的意志。

We suspected that it was a trick to get our money. 我們疑心這是騙我們錢的圈套。

Who can guarantee that he'll keep his word? 誰(shuí)能保證他會(huì)遵守諾言？

She suddenly revealed that she was not married. 她突然透露出她并沒(méi)有結(jié)婚。

He wrote me that his wife was not well. 他給我寫(xiě)信說(shuō)他妻子身體欠佳。常見(jiàn)的能跟that從句的動(dòng)詞有：

其中有些詞后面的連詞that?？墒÷?，如believe，suppose，presume，think；在say，see，know，hear，propose，understand和be told后，that可用可不用，但在筆語(yǔ)中不宜省略。

2) 有時(shí)可用it作先行賓語(yǔ)，而把從句放到句子后部去：

You can depend upon it, I shall be there. 你放心，我會(huì)去那里的。

I feel it a terrible thing that my mother should have to toil so endlessly. 我母親只好這樣沒(méi)完沒(méi)了地吃苦受累，我感到太可怕了。

I take it they have left for home. 我猜想他們已經(jīng)回家了。

Why don't you bring it to his attention that you're too ill to go on working? 你為什么不讓他注意到你病得厲害不能繼續(xù)工作？

I've heard it said that you've won a scholarship. 我聽(tīng)說(shuō)你獲得了一項(xiàng)獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金。

She has seen to it that all the children are well taken care of. 她已設(shè)法讓所有孩子都得到很好的照顧。

關(guān)于這類結(jié)構(gòu)可參閱第13.3.7和13.4.2節(jié)。

21.4.2　由連接代（副）詞引導(dǎo)的從句

1) 也有不少動(dòng)詞可跟連接代詞或副詞引導(dǎo)的從句：

She was curious to know where we had been. 她很想知道我們?nèi)チ四睦铩?

Write me how you got home. 寫(xiě)信告訴我你怎么到家的。

She inquired why he had not thought of that before. 她問(wèn)他為什么以前沒(méi)想到這一點(diǎn)。

Only you can decide who is the best choice. 只有你能決定誰(shuí)是最佳人選。

I wonder what you call these flowers. 我想知道你把這些花叫作什么。

常見(jiàn)的這類動(dòng)詞有：

2) whether和if也?？捎脕?lái)引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句：

I don't know whether you like flowers. 不知道你是否喜歡花。

I'll see whether I can help you. 我會(huì)留意我是否能幫助你。

I wonder whether you would mind doing me a favour. 不知你是否介意幫我一個(gè)忙。

She didn't say if her aunt was still with them. 她沒(méi)說(shuō)她姨母是否還跟他們?cè)谝黄稹?

I asked her if I might call and see her. 我問(wèn)她我是否可以去看她。

I'm wondering if you would care to spend the evening with us. 不知你愿不愿意和我一起共度今宵。

關(guān)于這些結(jié)構(gòu)可參閱第13.3.8節(jié)。

21.4.3　由關(guān)系代詞型what引導(dǎo)的從句

1) 關(guān)系代詞型what引導(dǎo)的從句也常可用作賓語(yǔ)：

Show me what you've bought. 把你買的東西給我看看。

She began to criticize what I had done. 她開(kāi)始批評(píng)我做的事。

We cannot do what you ask of us. 我們不能做你要求我們做的事。

As a friend of yours, I want to tell you what I hear. 作為你的朋友，我想把聽(tīng)到的事告訴你。

He could not express what he felt. 他無(wú)法表達(dá)內(nèi)心的感受。

Have you got what you wanted ? 你要的東西得到了嗎？

甚至用作介詞的賓語(yǔ)（其他從句這樣用時(shí)是比較少的）：

Don't poke your nose into what doesn't concern you. 別多管閑事。

Can you give us a description of what has happened ? 你能否描述一下發(fā)生的事情？

Who is responsible for what has happened ? 發(fā)生的事誰(shuí)負(fù)責(zé)？

She was shocked by what she had seen. 她看到的情況使她震驚。

They were not affected by what he said. 他的話對(duì)他們并無(wú)影響。

He was indifferent to what others were doing. 他對(duì)別人在做些什么漠不關(guān)心。

2) whatever這類詞也可引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句：

I will do whatever you wish. 我將做你想要我做的任何事。

I'll just say whatever comes into my head. 我想到什么就說(shuō)什么。

Please talk to me about whatever is troubling you. 請(qǐng)給我談?wù)勅魏问鼓銦┬牡氖隆?

I always succeed in whatever I try. 我干什么都很成功。

Whatever you want you shall have, said the Fairy. 仙女說(shuō)，“你要什么就會(huì)得到什么？”

She would tell him whatever news she got. 她會(huì)把她聽(tīng)到的任何消息告訴他。

You should read whatever book your teacher recommended. 你應(yīng)該閱讀老師推薦的任何書(shū)籍。

3) whichever，whomever也可引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句：

Buy whichever is cheapest. 買最便宜的。

I said he might have whichever he liked. 我說(shuō)他喜歡哪個(gè)就拿哪個(gè)。

Take whichever seat you like. 你想坐哪兒就坐哪兒。

They can vote in whichever district they choose. 他們可以隨意選擇在哪個(gè)區(qū)投票。

Give it to whomever you like. 你愿意把它給誰(shuí)就給誰(shuí)。

She can marry whoever she chooses. 她想和誰(shuí)結(jié)婚就可以和誰(shuí)結(jié)婚。