38 “泛指概念”的四種表達(dá)方式 Track32
(1)不帶the的不可數(shù)名詞表示泛指。
a. I like music.
b. Gold is a metal. 黃金是一種金屬。
不正確:The gold is a metal.*
(2)不帶the的復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞表示泛指。
a. Bananas are yellow. 香蕉是黃色的。
b. I am afraid of dogs. (表示泛指概念,不用the dogs。)
(3)“the+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞”可以表示泛指(當(dāng)然也可以表示特指)。
a. The whale is the largest mammal on earth.
(泛指)鯨是地球上最大的哺乳動(dòng)物。
b. The whale is dead. (特指)這頭鯨已經(jīng)死了。
c. The elephant is the largest land mammal.
(泛指)大象是陸地上最大的哺乳動(dòng)物。
d. The elephant over there has only one tusk.
(特指)那邊的那只大象只有一顆象牙。
(4)不定冠詞“a/an+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞”可以表示泛指。當(dāng)然也可以含有“one”這一數(shù)量意義。注意比較下列句子:
a. I ate a banana this morning.?。ㄒ粋€(gè)香蕉)
b. A banana is yellow.?。ㄈ魏我粋€(gè)香蕉,any banana, all bananas, bananas in general泛指)
c. I saw a dog enter the room.
d. A dog makes a good pet.?。ǚ褐福?/p>
e. A teacher should be patient with his or her students.?。ㄏ喈?dāng)于 all teachers或any teacher。)
f. A growing child needs great nourishment.
正在長(zhǎng)身體的孩子需要很多營(yíng)養(yǎng)。(相當(dāng)于 all growing children或any growing child。)
g. A child needs love.=Children need love.=Any child needs love.