國際關(guān)系英語詞匯大全Unit 55

　　英語單詞講解 unit 55

　　1.Giulio Douhet

　　General Giulio Douhet (30 May 1869 – 15 February 1930) was an Italian general and air power theorist. He was a key proponent of strategic bombing in aerial warfare. He was a contemporary of the 1920s air warfare advocates Walther Wever, Billy Mitchell and Sir Hugh Trenchard.

　　1.朱利歐·杜黑

　　朱利歐·杜黑(1869年5月30日-1930年2月15日)，意大利空權(quán)理論家。出生于意大利卡塞塔(靠近那不勒斯)。1921年發(fā)表了《制空論》一書成為近代空權(quán)軍事觀念的先驅(qū)。

　　2.Alfred Thayer Mahan

　　Alfred Thayer Mahan (September 27, 1840 – December 1, 1914) was a United States Navy admiral, geostrategist, and historian, who has been called "the most important American strategist of the nineteenth century." His concept of "sea power" was based on the idea that countries with greater naval power will have greater worldwide impact; it was most famously presented in The Influence of Sea Power Upon History, 1660–1783 (1890). The concept had an enormous influence in shaping the strategic thought of navies across the world, especially in the United States, Germany, Japan and Great Britain, ultimately causing a European naval arms race in the 1890s, which included the United States. His ideas still permeate the U.S. Navy Doctrine.

　　2.阿爾弗雷德·賽耶·馬漢

　　阿爾弗雷德·賽耶·馬漢(1840年9月27日-1914年12月1日)是一名美國海軍的上校及預(yù)備役少將。馬漢的思想深受古希臘雅典海軍統(tǒng)帥地米斯托克利及政治家伯里克利的影響，主要著述有《海權(quán)對歷史的影響1660-1783》，《海權(quán)對法國革命及帝國的影響，1793-1812》，《海權(quán)的影響與1812年戰(zhàn)爭的關(guān)系》，《海軍戰(zhàn)略》等。

　　3.Alexander Hamilton

　　Alexander Hamilton (January 11, 1755 or 1757 – July 12, 1804) was a founding father of the United States, chief staff aide to General George Washington, one of the most influential interpreters and promoters of the U.S. Constitution, the founder of the nation's financial system, and the founder of the first political party.As Secretary of the Treasury, Hamilton was the primary author of the economic policies of the George Washington administration, especially the funding of the states' debts by the Federal government, the establishment of a national bank, a system of tariffs, and friendly trade relations with Britain. He became the leader of the Federalist Party, created largely in support of his views; he was opposed by the Democratic-Republican Party, led by Thomas Jefferson and James Madison.

　　3.亞歷山大·漢密爾頓

　　亞歷山大·漢密爾頓(1755年或1757年1月11日-1804年7月12日)，美國軍人，經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家，政治哲學(xué)家，美國憲法起草人之一與第一任美國財政部長。漢密爾頓是華盛頓政府統(tǒng)治時期的經(jīng)濟(jì)政策的主要構(gòu)思者，其中重要的有：重建國家信用的計劃、建立國家銀行、建立關(guān)稅系統(tǒng)、與英國建立友好貿(mào)易關(guān)系。因為他的觀點(diǎn)有大批支持者，所以他創(chuàng)立了聯(lián)邦黨，并成為該黨的領(lǐng)袖，與由托馬斯·杰斐遜、詹姆斯·麥迪遜領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的民主共和黨對抗，成為美國兩黨制初型。